Economics 343, Feminist Economics

Spring 2003, Thurs 2:50 – 5:20 pm

Instead Feminist Cooperative

 

Professor Julie Matthaei

Economics Department, PNE 423, Wellesley College

Office Hours:  Tues., 1:30 – 3, and by appointment

x2181, home office: 617-868-6133 (8 am–10 pm only)

 

 

COURSE DESCRIPTION:

 

Feminist economics critically analyzes both economic theory and economic life through the lens of gender and advocates various forms of feminist economic transformation.  In this course, we will explore this new, exciting, and self-consciously political and transformative field. After a theoretical and empirical introduction to the subject, we will study mainstream analyses of gender differences and inequality, for these analyses provide the foundation for feminist economic analysis and critique.  Then we will study feminist economic methodology, theory, policy prescriptions, and visions of a feminist economic future.

The course will end with student presentations of their research projects.

 

The class is structured to be reading- and discussion-intensive, and enrollment will be limited.  An outline of the class topics and readings is attached. 

 

In accordance with feminist visions of mutuality and equality, I aspire to creating a democratic, consensus-based classroom process. Although I am providing you with the backbone for the course, including suggested topics and readings, we can revise and flesh out the course as needed  during the course of the semester.  For this, we will use a consensus-based process of decision-making – i.e. we strive towards decisions that everyone can be happy with, e.g. for a structure that works for everyone involved in the class. I suggest that we devote the last 5-10 minutes of each class meeting to an evaluation of the day’s class, including any suggestions as to how to improve the course structure, and will also create a course subconference for that purpose.

 

ASSIGNMENTS:

 

In my view, student assignments have a three-fold purpose: 1) to  develop and stretch your capacities and learning of the topic of feminist economics; 2) to give me way to grade you, as I am required to do; and, if possible 3) to give you an experience of making a positive contribution to the world through scholarly work, e.g. by helping educate others in our class, at Wellesley, as well as people in society at large, regarding feminist economics.  We will discuss and refine these purposes in class, as well as work together to create assignments that best fulfill our purposes.  One issue that is open to discussion is which assignments you would like me to grade, and how final grades would be tallied.  What I present below is my preliminary thoughts on assignments, which will serve as a beginning for our discussions on the issue.

 

SHARED READINGS: done before the class in question, so that we all come to class with a shared foundation for discussion.  Some readings may be done by all; others divided up among students.   The following books will be available for purchase at the Wellesley bookstore, as well as in Knapp (I indicate in parentheses after each the share of the book that will be assigned as required reading in class):  Francine Blau, Marianne Ferber, and Ann Winkler, THE ECONOMICS OF WOMEN, MEN, AND WORK;  Julie Nelson and Marianne Ferber, BEYOND ECONOMIC MAN (parts); Nancy Folbre, THE INVISIBLE HEART  (most); Maria Mies and Vandana Shiva, ECOFEMINISM (parts).  The rest of the readings will be available via electronic reserve or the web, as noted on the course outline, which will be revised as needed throughout the course.   

 

A DATA SHEET for the second class meeting.  To get ourselves up to speed on the current extent of gender difference and inequality in the U.S. and in the world, I suggest that each student prepare a data sheet on an aspect of this question to share with the class at the second class meeting.

 

RESPONSE EVALUATION SHEETS for the readings in Parts I and II, which essentially ask students to think about what they found most enlightening and most unenlightening/wrong about the day’s readings, as well as what they would like to have explained or discussed more.  Students would be asked to post these on the course conference ahead of class.  These help lay the foundation for informed and engaged class discussions.

 

TAKE-HOME EXAMINATION ON PART II, “Mainstream Economic Analysis of Gender Differences and Inequality, ” both for grading purposes, and to help students solidify their understanding of mainstream economic discourse relating to gender.  This will provide a necessary foundation for the critiques and alternatives provided by feminist economists, which constitute the core of the course.  If handed in on time (3/27), the take-home can be rewritten, and the grade for it calculated as a weighted average of the original and rewrite grades.

 

 

RESPONSE PAPERS on the core feminist economics readings of Part III, again posted for reading on the course conference before the class meeting in question. 

 

INTERVIEW WITH A FEMINIST ECONOMIST:  Feminist economics is a new, multi-faceted, and evolving field and the question, “What is feminist economics?” and “What should feminist economics be?” are key questions which we will be examining throughout the course.  I suggest that students interview feminist economists on these topics, working alone or in pairs.  Students would write up their interviews, and post them on the class conference by 3/10, and then we would have a discussion of the definitions of feminist economics in class on 3/13.   If we find this project to be enlightening, a subgroup of students may decide to do their research project on it, which could result in an article on this topic for Feminist Economics (and for our class website).  I also think it would be really fun to write a rap song on feminist economics, using what we learned in the interviews.   

 

PARTICIPATION IN THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A COURSE CONFERENCE AND WEBSITE:  We will together construct a course conference and possibly a feminist economics website (with the help of a computer science student) to improve our communication with one another, and so that we can share the insights, links, and information we come up with in class and in research projects with others at Wellesley and in the world.

 

RESEARCH PROJECT: I conceive of the research project as centering around a 15-30 page paper, which students would present briefly at the last class meeting (a dinner, to be scheduled).  Your paper and presentation could be done individually or in a group, but any group project would be expected to show more work.

 

Your research project could be in any of these areas:

-- critical analysis of a piece of feminist economics

-- synthesis and evaluation of feminist economic research on a particular topic

-- original feminist economic critical analysis of some aspect of mainstream or radical economic theorizing

-- original conceptual and/or empirical feminist economic analysis of a particular topic

-- working on the class website or constructing a feminist economics website

-- writing up findings of classmates on definitions of feminist economics for an article

 

I would like to construct the research project as a series of assignments that build on one another, and which involve soliciting feedback from one’s fellow students and from me, the professor.  I suggest that students be divided into writing groups of three or four students each.  Early in the course, students would prepare short written descriptions of their topics (one or two paragraphs), and discuss it with me and with their writing group; then they would write a first draft, on which they would receive detailed feedback from the members of their writing group; then, they would submit a second draft to me for my comments.  The final draft would be due at the end of the exam period. Students would also practice their presentations in their writing groups, and give one another constructive feedback. 

 

CURRENT EVENTS can be a very helpful way to connect the somewhat abstract and almost always dated information in the class to the real world in the present.  Each student would present a current event of her choice related to the topic of feminist economics sometime during the semester; ideally, the topics chosen would relate to the day’s topic.  Presentations, including any questions or discussion, would be limited to 10 or 15 minutes.

 

GETTING TO KNOW ONE ANOTHER outside of class helps us make the most of the learning experience of our class.  I have regular office hours on Tuesdays from 1:30 – 3 pm, and by appointment; please come and see me.  We also might want to have some dinners together on Thursdays after class, or at lunchtime in the dorms.     

 

GRADING

 

A student’s final grade will be a weighted average of their various assignments, as determined by the class early on in the semester.  All assignments do not have to be graded – I would suggest that only the take-home and research paper be graded, along with a response paper of the student’s choice, which they could rewrite before handing it in.  Graded assignments and weights could be the same for all students, or vary among them. 

 

 


 

  FEMINIST ECONOMICS COURSE OUTLINE

 

** denotes readings or activities which are recommended, not required

 

 

PART 1:  INTRODUCTIONS

 

1/30: Class 1:  Introductions

 

-- Introductions of one another

-- Introduction to feminist economics, and the general outline of the course; read through syllabus

-- Introduction to and discussion of the class structure, assignments, and grading; including first part of the syllabus and consensus process

-- Discussion of work to do for next class:  data we’d like to get, and assigning of data projects to students or groups of students for 2/6 class; current event and food volunteers

 

2/6: Class 2: Gender difference and inequality in the U.S. and in the world:  A Survey of the Economic Data 

 

Francine Blau, Marianne Ferber, and Ann Winkler, The Economics of Women, Men, and Work (BFW), Ch. 4, pp. 81-91; Ch.5; Ch. 8; Ch. 11

Chandra Mohanty,"Women Workers and Capitalist Scripts: Ideologies of Domination, Common Interests and the Politics of Solidarity," in Feminist Genealogies. Colonial Legacies. Democratic Futures, 1997, pp 3‑29

** Chandra Mohanty, "Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourses" Feminist Review 30, Autumn 1988, pp 61‑88

-- discussion of course assignments and grading; discussion of ideas for course conference and website

-- sharing and presentation of data sheets

-- discussion of any issues/questions re BFW chapters

 

** 2/7:  Coco Fusto, feminist performance artist, “At Your Service:  Latinas in the Global Information Network,” 12:30-2 PM, Collins Cinema

Check out her website at http://www.thing.net/~cocofusco/

 

2/10:  Talk by Chandra Mohanty, “Feminism without Borders:  The Politics of Transnational Feminism,” Collins

 

2/13: Class 3:  Introduction to Feminist Theory

 

bel hooks video, excerpts, in class

 

Teresa Amott and Julie Matthaei, Race, Gender and Work:  A Multicultural Economic History of the Women in the United States, Chapter 2.

Catharine MacKinnon, Toward a feminist theory of the state, excerpts

Julie Matthaei and Barbara Brandt, “Beyond Gender, Race, and Class?  Thoughts on a Possible Feminist Future,” Wellesley College Working Paper, excerpts.

Evelyn Nakano Glenn, “The Social Construction and Institutionalization of Gender and Race:  An Integrative Framework” in Revisioning Gender, ed. By Myra Marx Ferree, Judith Lorber, and Beth B. Hess (Alto Mira Press, 2000)

Asch, Adrienne et al, “Disabilities and Women:  Deconstructing Myths and Reconstructing Realities,” in J. Worell, ed., Encyclopedia of Women and Gender (Academic Press 2002), 345-354.

** bel hooks, “Feminism: A Movement to End Sexist Oppression” in Feminist Theory:  From Margin to Center

** Amrita Rasu, ed., The Challenge of Local Feminism

** Fung, Richard. Looking for My Penis: The Eroticized Asian in Gay Porn. Washington:  Bay Press, 1991; article on Fung at http://www.nowtoronto.com/issues/2002-04-11/cover_story.php

** Check out this feminist theory website:  http://www.cddc.vt.edu/feminism/enin.html

 

LIST OF FEMINIST ECONOMISTS TO CHOOSE FROM HANDED OUT

 

PART II:  MAINSTREAM ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF GENDER DIFFERENCES AND INEQUALITY

 

2/20:  Class 4.  The Economics of the Household

 

BFW, Chs. 3 and 4

Gary Becker, The Economics of the Family, excerpts

** Francis Wooley, “Getting the Better of Becker, Feminist Economics

INTERVIEWS OF FEMINIST ECONOMISTS ASSIGNED

 

 

2/27: Class 5.  The Economics of Occupational Segregation and the Gender Earnings Gap

 

BFW, Review Ch. 5, Read Chs. 6 and 7

Discussion on fem-econ “Is sex discrimination profitable?” (see resources folder)

** Martha Reskin's anthology, Sex Segregation in the Workplace. It is available on line at

http://www.ulib.org/webRoot/Books/National_Academy_Press_Books/sex_segregation/sex001.htm;  In particular, Francine Blau's piece, "Occupational Segregation and Labor

Market Discrimination," includes a good summary of alternative theories of discrimination (though mainly from within the neoclassical tradition).

 

Speaker on gender discrimination and feminist activism in the early 1970s: Shirley Schell

 

3/6: Class 6.  Economic Analysis of Recent Historical Developments and Policy Issues

 

BFW, Chs. 8, 9, and 10

 

TAKE HOME EXAMINATION  on PARTS I and II HANDED OUT:  Due 3/13  (can be rewritten if handed in on time)

 

Living History:  Speaker:  Malora Matthaei

 

 

PART III.  FEMINIST ECONOMICS

 

3/10  POST YOUR INTERVIEW WRITE-UPS ON CLASS CONFERENCE BY 3/10

 

Class 7 (3/13)  Feminist Economic Methodology

 

Read postings on definitions of feminist economics on course conference

Julie Nelson and Marianne Ferber, Feminist Economics Today: Beyond Economic Man, excerpts. 

 Drue Barker and  Edith Kuipel, Toward a Feminist Philosophy of Economics, excerpts

Sandra Harding, "Can Feminist Thought Make Economics More Objective?" Feminist Economics 1:1 (Spring 1995)

** Julie Nelson, Feminism, Objectivity, and Economics (1996)

 

DISCUSSION IN CLASS OF INTERVIEWS ON DEFINITIONS OF FEMINIST ECONOMICS

 

TAKE HOME EXAMINATION DUE

 

SPRING BREAK

 

Class 8 (3/27)  Feminist  Economic Theory 1: Interrogating  “Rational Economic Man” and the Purpose of Economics

 

Julie Nelson visits class; prepare questions for her

 

Julie Nelson, "The Study of Choice or the Study of Provisioning?" and  Paula England, "The Separative Self:  Androcentric Bias in Neoclassical Assumptions,” in Julie Nelson and Marianne Ferber, Beyond Economic Man

Julie Nelson and Marianne Ferber, Feminist Economics Today: Beyond Economic Man, excerpts

Drue Barker and  Edith Kuipel, Toward a Feminist Philosophy of Economics, excerpts

Ann Jennings, "Public or Private:  Institutional Economics and Feminism," in Ferber and Nelson, eds., Beyond Economic Man

 ** Sandra Harding talk and comments on it, from International Association of Feminist Economis 2002 Conference

 

Class 9 (4/3)  Feminist Economic Theory II: Analysis of GNP and Caring Labor

 

MOVIE, “Who’s Counting” (1990?) Documentary on Pioneering Feminist Economist, Marilyn Waring, of New Zealand

 

Hypatia, Special Issue on Love and Work, selected articles

Nancy Folbre, The Invisible Heart, excerpts

** Marilyn Waring, If Women Counted

** Mary King, “Patriarchal Regimes,” presented at IAFFE Meetings 2002 (write her to get it)

 

Class 10 (4/10)  Feminist Economic Analysis of Development and International Economics

 

Lourdes Beneria, “Economic Rationality and Globalization: A Feminist Perspective,” from Feminist Economics Today

S. Charusheela and Eiman Zein-Elabdin, “Feminism, Postcolonial Thought, and Economics,” from Feminist Economics Today

 

Class 11 (4/17) (Passover)  Feminist Economic Policy Prescriptions

 

Nancy Folbre, The Invisible Heart, Excerpts

Rebecca M. Blank and Cordelia W. Reimers, “Economics, Policy Analysis, and Feminism,” from Feminist Economics Today

 

 

Class 12 (4/24)  Feminist Economic Visions:  U.S.; Shorter Work Time, Co-Housing, and Socially Responsible Economic Choices

 

Cook dinner at Cornerstone, an intentional co-housing community, for the class and for invited members of Cornerstone; discussions with Cornerstone members  regarding co-housing as a progressive feminist solution for the work/family crisis, and as a way to combine individuality and community

Talk by Barbara Brandt, Co-Founder and Director of the National Shorter Work Time Project from 198?-2002; Massachusetts Organizer of “Take Back Your Time Day” and author of Whole Life Economics

 

Julie Matthaei, “Healing Ourselves, Healing Our Economy:  Paid Work, Unpaid Work, and the Next Stage of Feminist Economic Transformation,” Review of Radical Political Economics

check out www.timeday.org, website of shorter work time movement

check out www.cohousing.org, www.cohousing.ca/, and www.cornerstonecohousing.org, cohousing websites

check out www.coopamerica.org, website of Co-Op America

 

 

April 28:  Presentation  by Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women, U.N. Commission on Human Rights:  “Cultural Practices Harmful to Women”

 

 

Class 13 (5/1)  Feminist Economic Visions:  International

and Development 

 

Vandana Shiva, interview in Yes! A Magazine of Positive Futures,  Winter 2003 “earth democracy”

 Maria Mies and Vandana Shiva, Ecofeminism, Chapter 1, "Introduction," Chapter 17, "Liberating the Consumer," and Chapter 20, "The Need for a New Vision:  the Subsistence Perspective."

 

 

LAST CLASS MEETING:  TO BE SCHEDULED:  CLASS DINNER with SHORT STUDENT PROJECT PRESENTATIONS

 

 

 

RESEARCH PAPER DUE, LAST DAY OF READING PERIOD